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Machu Picchu
Peru
Visit Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu, the ancient Incan city set high in the Andes Mountains of Peru, offers a mesmerizing experience that captivates the imagination of travelers from around the globe. Built in the 15th century and later abandoned, it was rediscovered by Hiram Bingham in 1911, and since then, it has been a site of intrigue and wonder. Perched at an altitude of 2,430 meters above sea level, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is often shrouded in mist, which lifts to reveal the intricate stonework and terraces that have stood the test of time. The journey to Machu Picchu itself is a significant part of the experience, whether you choose to arrive via a scenic train ride through the Sacred Valley or embark on a multi-day trek along the Inca Trail, each offering unique perspectives and encounters with the breathtaking natural landscape.
Upon arriving at Machu Picchu, visitors are greeted by the iconic view of the ancient city against the backdrop of the towering Huayna Picchu. Exploring the ruins, you will discover a complex of temples, plazas, and dwellings. The Temple of the Sun, the Room of the Three Windows, and the Intihuatana stone are among the most famous structures, each rich with historical and astronomical significance. The precision of Incan engineering is evident in the way each stone has been meticulously cut and placed without mortar. Guides are available to provide insights into the historical context and the lifestyle of the Incas, enhancing the visit with stories and facts that bring the stone ruins to life.
For the adventurous, a climb up Huayna Picchu or Machu Picchu Mountain offers a challenging trek and an unparalleled aerial view of the site. These hikes are demanding but rewarding, with steep paths and breathtaking vistas that overlook the ruins and the surrounding lush, green valleys. Early mornings at Machu Picchu are particularly magical, as the site is quieter and the soft light of sunrise illuminates the stonework, creating a mystical atmosphere. Whether you are a history enthusiast, an avid hiker, or simply someone in search of beauty and tranquility, Machu Picchu promises an unforgettable journey into the heart of Incan civilization, where history and landscape converge in spectacular fashion.
Machu Picchu Monthly Weather Conditions
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January
50°F
66°F
22
February
50°F
66°F
14
March
50°F
66°F
22
April
50°F
68°F
12
May
50°F
68°F
10
June
41°F
68°F
22
July
32°F
68°F
22
August
41°F
68°F
22
September
50°F
68°F
12
October
50°F
68°F
15
November
50°F
68°F
14
December
50°F
66°F
22
Need to Know Before You Go To Machu Picchu
Nickname:
The Lost City of the Incas
Primary Language:
Quechua
Time Zone:
America/Lima
Current Time:
Electric Plug Type:
Type A, Type C
Annual Visitors:
1.2 million
Primary Export:
Tourism
Busiest Travel Months:
July, August, June
Quietest Travel Months:
February, January, December
Find your Next Adventure in Machu Picchu
Explore Machu Picchu
Iconic Landmarks
Intihuatana Stone
Often referred to as the "Hitching Post of the Sun," the Intihuatana Stone is a ritual stone associated with astronomical functions. It is believed to have been used by Inca astronomers to predict solstices. Its precise positioning is thought to have held a sacred significance.
Temple of the Sun
This semi-circular construction is built over a strong rock and was used for religious ceremonies and astronomical observations. It is finely crafted and offers a stunning view of the surrounding mountains. The temple aligns with the sun during the winter solstice.
The Main Gate
The primary entrance to Machu Picchu, this gate is a marvel of engineering. It provides a strategic view of the entire complex and the valleys below, serving both defensive and ceremonial purposes.
The Royal Tomb
Located near the Temple of the Sun, this area is thought to have served as a burial place for the nobility. Although called a tomb, no bodies were found here; it is notable for its exquisite masonry.
The Three Windows Temple
This temple is part of the Sacred Plaza and features three trapezoidal windows that are architecturally significant. They are said to represent the three mythological caves from which the Ayar brothers, who are central to Incan creation myths, are said to have emerged.
The Agricultural Terraces
These terraces are not only a testament to Incan engineering but also a crucial element for farming, helping to prevent erosion and provide fertile land for growing crops at high altitudes. They are beautifully constructed and integral to the sustainability of the Machu Picchu settlement.
Cultural Experiences
Guided Tour of Machu Picchu
To fully appreciate the historical and cultural significance of Machu Picchu, a guided tour is essential. Knowledgeable guides provide insights into the architectural techniques, historical context, and cultural importance of the various structures within the citadel, including the Temple of the Sun, the Intihuatana stone, and the Room of the Three Windows.
Inca Trail Hike
Embarking on the Inca Trail offers a deeply immersive cultural experience. This multi-day hike traces the paths used by the Incas and leads through stunning Andean scenery, passing other lesser-known Inca ruins before culminating in Machu Picchu. The journey provides a sense of the challenges the Incas faced and the strategic importance of the trail.
Visit to the Museo de Sitio Manuel Chávez Ballón
Located near the base of Machu Picchu, this museum offers deeper insights into the archaeological history of the site. Exhibits include artifacts recovered from Machu Picchu, detailed explanations of the archaeological techniques used in its restoration, and information on the flora and fauna of the region.
Participate in a Traditional Andean Ceremony
Some local tour operators offer visitors the chance to participate in or observe traditional Andean spiritual ceremonies, such as offerings to Pachamama (Mother Earth).
Explore the Local Markets in Aguas Calientes
Aguas Calientes is the nearest town to Machu Picchu and offers vibrant markets where local artisans sell handmade crafts, textiles, and jewelry. Exploring these markets not only supports the local economy but also provides a glimpse into the contemporary cultural expressions of the Andean people.
Sunrise or Sunset at Machu Picchu
Witnessing the sunrise or sunset at Machu Picchu is a breathtaking experience that connects visitors with the natural beauty and spiritual ambiance of the site. The play of light on the ancient stones and the surrounding mountains creates a profound sense of awe and wonder.
Outdoor Adventures
Inca Trail Trek
The classic Inca Trail is a 4-day trek that covers approximately 26 miles (42 kilometers) from the Sacred Valley to Machu Picchu. This trek not only offers breathtaking views of the Andes but also passes through several types of Andean environments including cloud forest and alpine tundra. Trekkers can explore ancient sites like Runkurakay and Sayacmarca along the way, culminating in the arrival at the Sun Gate (Intipunku) with a stunning sunrise view of Machu Picchu.
Salkantay Trek
A popular alternative to the Inca Trail, the Salkantay Trek is a 5-day journey that takes you through diverse landscapes, from snowy mountain passes to tropical forests. This trek is named after Mt. Salkantay, the highest peak in the Vilcabamba mountain range. The route offers a more off-the-beaten-path experience and includes a day at Machu Picchu at its conclusion.
Huayna Picchu Climb
For those who are already at Machu Picchu, climbing Huayna Picchu, the peak that towers over the citadel, provides a thrilling adventure. The steep and narrow path leads to an incredible view of Machu Picchu from above. This climb is challenging and requires advance booking due to limited entry.
Machu Picchu Mountain Trek
Another option for a challenging hike while at Machu Picchu is the Machu Picchu Mountain trek. This trek is longer and higher than the Huayna Picchu climb but offers panoramic views of the entire region, including the Urubamba River.
Choquequirao Trek
For a more secluded and challenging experience, the Choquequirao Trek is an excellent choice. This 4 to 5-day trek takes you to the lesser-known but equally fascinating Choquequirao ruins, which are similar to Machu Picchu but far less crowded. The trek involves steep ascents and descents through the Apurimac Canyon.
Sacred Valley Cycling and Rafting
For those who prefer a combination of activities, cycling and rafting through the Sacred Valley offers a unique way to experience the area's scenery and culture. You can bike through rural villages and ancient ruins, and raft on the Urubamba River, enjoying the landscape from a different perspective.
Off the Beaten Path
Huayna Picchu Hike
While still popular among some tourists, the hike up Huayna Picchu (the peak that towers over Machu Picchu) offers a more challenging and thrilling experience. The steep and narrow paths lead to an incredible view of the Machu Picchu ruins from above. Only 400 visitors are allowed per day, so you need to book this in advance.
Machu Picchu Mountain
For those who find Huayna Picchu too daunting, Machu Picchu Mountain is an alternative that provides equally stunning views with a less strenuous climb. This hike is longer but offers a higher vantage point and panoramic views of the entire area.
The Sun Gate (Inti Punku)
This is the traditional entrance to Machu Picchu for those walking the Inca Trail. However, you can also access it from Machu Picchu itself. It's a moderate hike and offers a fantastic view of the site from a distance, which is great for photos, especially at sunrise.
Inca Bridge
This involves a short walk from the main site and leads to an ancient Inca bridge built with incredible precision and engineering skills. The path to the bridge is less crowded and provides a sense of adventure and history.
Choquequirao
Often referred to as the 'sister city' to Machu Picchu, Choquequirao is another stunning Inca city that can be reached by a challenging two to four-day trek. It receives far fewer visitors compared to Machu Picchu, offering a more solitary experience amidst equally fascinating ruins.
Vilcabamba Trek
This trek takes you through the path to the last capital of the Inca Empire, often referred to as Espíritu Pampa. This is a much less frequented route and is perfect for those looking to explore Inca history away from the crowds. The trek is challenging and takes several days, moving through diverse landscapes and several lesser-known Inca sites.
Machu Picchu Fun Facts
Machu Picchu, an iconic symbol of Incan civilization, is located in the Andes Mountains of Peru. Here are the top 10 fun facts about this fascinating historical site:
- Unknown to the outside world until 1911
Machu Picchu was brought to international attention by Yale archaeologist Hiram Bingham who rediscovered it in 1911 with the guidance of local farmers.
- Built in the 15th century
Machu Picchu was constructed around 1450, during the reign of Inca emperor Pachacuti. It was abandoned just over a century later, around the time of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire.
- A marvel of engineering
The site exhibits impressive engineering skills with its dry-stone walls constructed from huge stones that fit together without mortar. Remarkably, these structures have remained largely intact despite the region's frequent earthquakes.
- Astronomical alignments
Many of the site’s structures are aligned with astronomical events. For example, the Intihuatana stone is believed to have been an astronomical clock or calendar, as it aligns perfectly with the sun during the winter solstice.
- No wheels used
The Incas built this amazing city without the use of wheels; all the heavy rocks used in the construction were pushed up the mountain by hand or using llamas.
- A lost name
The original name of Machu Picchu remains unknown. "Machu Picchu" simply means "Old Peak" or "Old Mountain" in the Quechua language.
- Terraced fields
The site includes more than 700 terraces that were used to grow crops such as maize and potatoes, which helped support a large population.
- Natural camouflage
The location and architectural design of Machu Picchu make it blend seamlessly into the mountain ridge, making it invisible from below. This may have protected the site from Spanish invaders.
- A royal estate
Historians believe that Machu Picchu was likely a royal estate for the Inca emperor, rather than a conventional city. It could have been used for ceremonial purposes and as a retreat for the elite.
- A UNESCO World Heritage Site
Machu Picchu was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983, in recognition of its cultural and historical significance. It is also one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, making it a popular tourist destination.
Featured Picture Gallery
This Historic Landmark was Once Home to the Inca Tribe
Machu Picchu is Renowned for its Sophisticated Dry-Stone Walls
Machu Picchu is famed the Temple of the Sun
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